The EU-SADC Economic Partnership Agreement and Corporate Accountability: Opportunities and Limitations for Protecting Human Rights

Bridging Trade and Human Rights in Southern Africa The Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between the European Union and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) States represents a significant milestone in regional trade integration. Yet beneath its economic provisions lies a more complex question: can trade agreements effectively advance corporate accountability for human rights? This agreement…

The Making of an African Approach to Business and Human Rights through the Repurposing of Individual “Duties”

The African System as a “Norm Leader” As Obiora Okafor and Godwin Dzah wrote, the African human rights system is rarely imagined as “an originator, agent and purveyor” of norms. By examining three norms – the right to self-determination, the right to development, and the right to environment – Okafor and Dzah argue that the…

Africa as Norm-Maker: Introducing the BHRJ/ALS Blog Symposium “Gathering Perspectives on African Leadership in Business and Human Rights: Lessons, Innovations, and Future Pathways”

Setting the Stage The Business and Human Rights (BHR) field has long been dominated by frameworks emanating from the Global North, most notably the 2011 United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), and more recently the European Union’s Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), among others. These instruments represent genuine normative progress…

Beyond Do No Harm: Business Responsibilities When Markets Become Essential Infrastructure

On the first week of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, supermarket chain ATB opened selected “pivot” stores, enabled cash withdrawals, held prices at last pre-war levels, rerouted supplies, introduced purchase limits on basic goods, and offered extra incentives for staff and drivers working in dangerous areas (ATB wartime statement). The decision that private companies make…

Soft Law in the Shadow of Hard Law: Can Japan’s METI Guidelines Act as a Transitional Model for Mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence?

The record of voluntary business and human rights regulation has often been disappointing. Germany’s 2016 National Action Plan (NAP) on Business and Human Rights, for example, aimed for at least half of German companies with more than 500 employees to integrate five core elements of human rights due diligence (HRDD) into their business processes. By…

From Meaningful Engagement and Consultation to Climate Change Considerations: The Wild Coast Decision from the Constitutional Court of South Africa

On 14 August 2026, the South African Constitutional Court (CC) delivered its decision in The Sustaining the Wild Coast NPC and Others v Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy and Others case, bringing an end to the long-running litigation on oil and gas exploration and extraction along South Africa’s Wild Coast. Initially, the dominant concerns…

Corporations Constructing International Human Rights Law

The relationship between corporations and international human rights is an uneasy one. Efforts have been made to harness the benefits of corporations to facilitate the sustainable development of states, while simultaneously attempting to close the gap between corporations’ economic goals and their adverse impacts on human rights. These efforts have produced some crucial, yet incomplete,…

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